Strategy Pattern
I will try to explain this pattern as simple as I can because it is really simple and useful. Lets define a problem: Think about that you have employees in different departments with different titles and you need a method which calculates different salaries.
Answer 1 – You can write a method which takes the jobType parameter and you can calculate different salaries with one method. The main disadvantage of this way is that the main class must know all parameters. Also it’s hard to add new job type – you need to add new parameters and methods into the class.
Answer 2 – You can use inheritence. Create an Employee class and extend it with the other employee type classes. Each of them has its own method so you do’nt need any parameter. But what if you want to add a new method to calculate holidays of different departments? For this answer, you must create another employee class and its subclasses because each employee belongs the same department in this solution.
Answer 3- USE STRATEGY PATTERN! In this solution, create an employee class and two more classes which extend this class: Salary class and Holidays class. Salary class is implemented by job type classes and holidays class is implemented by departments. Lets give a try.
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public interface ISalary { public int calculateSalary(); } public interface IHolidays{ public int calculateHolidays(); } |
These two interfaces give us methods which will be used in classes.
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public class EmlpoyeeASalary : ISalary { public int calculateSalary() { return 1234; } } public class EmlpoyeeBSalary : ISalary { public int calculateSalary() { return 2345; } } public class EmlpoyeeCSalary : ISalary { public int calculateSalary() { return 3456; } } public class DepartmentAHolidays : IHolidays { public int calculateHolidays() { return 15; } } public class DepartmentBHolidays : IHolidays { public int calculateHolidays() { return 20; } } |
Now, we can create Employee class.
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public class Employee{ public ISalary salary; public IHolidays holidays; public Employee(ISalary _salary, IHolidays _holidays) { salary = _salary; holidays = _holidays; } public int calcSalary(){ return salary.calculateSalary(); } public int calcHolidays(){ return holidays.calculateHolidays(); } } |
Finally, we can create our objects and call their methods in Main class.
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class MainClass { Employee employee1 = new Employee(new EmployeeASalary(), new DepartmentAHolidays()); int salaryA = employee.calculateSalary(); int holidayA = employee.calculateHolidays(); Employee employee2 = new Employee(new EmployeeBSalary(), new DepartmentAHolidays()); int salaryB = employee.calculateSalary(); int holidayA = employee.calculateHolidays(); Employee employee3 = new Employee(new EmployeeCSalary(), new DepartmentBHolidays()); int salaryC = employee.calculateSalary(); int holidayB = employee.calculateHolidays(); } |
In this part, you have 3 different employee types in different departments. You can also use int values separately. You can see class diagram of this example.
©Coffee Break Codes – C# Design Patterns in Unity3D : Strategy Pattern
Hi,
Thank you for your great topic. I think it is better, for sake of encapsulation in Employee class use:
private ISalary salary;
private IHolidays holidays;
and in MainClass you must change it to :
Employee employee1 = new Employee(new EmlpoyeeASalary(), new DepartmentAHolidays());
int salaryA = employee1.CalcSalary();
int holidayA = employee1.CalcHolidays();
Employee employee2 = new Employee(new EmlpoyeeBSalary(), new DepartmentAHolidays());
int salaryB = employee2.CalcSalary();
int holidayB = employee2.CalcHolidays();
Employee employee3 = new Employee(new EmlpoyeeCSalary(), new DepartmentBHolidays());
int salaryC = employee3.CalcSalary();
int holidayC = employee3.CalcHolidays();
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